Conference Schedule
Day1: November 5, 2018
Keynote Forum
9:30-10:10
LIANE DELIGDISCH
The Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, USA
Title: The challenge of early diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma
9:30-10:10
Biography
Liane Deligdisch has graduated from Medical School in Bucharest, Romania and was trained in Obstetrics-Gynaecology and Pathology at the Ichilov Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical School, Israel, and in Gynaecologic Pathology at the Magee Women’s Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA and Free Boston Hospital for Women, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA. After a Fellowship in Perinatal Pathology at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, she founded the Division of Gynaecologic Pathology at the Mount Sinai Hospital where she worked as an Attending and Tenured Professor of Pathology and Obstetrics-Gynaecology and Reproductive Science since 1986. She has published seven textbooks on Gynaecologic Pathology and 148 articles in Peer-reviewed medical journals. She is a Corresponding Member of the French National Academy of Medicine.
Abstract
Ovarian Carcinoma (OC) is the most lethal cancer of the female pelvis. While most gynaecologic cancers of the uterus display a spectacular decline due to identification of early stages and precursors, the incidence and mortality of OC remains about the same for the past five decades. The main reason is the late clinical diagnosis in the majority of cases and the lack of reliable tumour markers for early stage neoplasms. The most common OC is the serous type (OSC), characterized by its lack of early stage symptoms, as compared to the less common non-serous endometrioid (EC), clear cell (CC) and mucinous (MC) carcinomas which become symptomatic in earlier stages due to changes in tissues outside the ovaries such as endometriosis, infertility, vaginal bleeding, painful pelvic masses. Our clinical-pathologic studies revealed that in Stage I OC, when the neoplasms are confined to the ovary (ies) are diagnosed in less than one third of cases in OSC, while the overall less common non-serous EC, CC and MC tumours represent the majority. Serous OC are seen in patients older on average, more often associated with BRCA immunoreactivity and personal and/or family history of breast cancer. Non-serous OC are more often diagnosed in younger patients with associated hyper estrogenic related lesions (endometrial polyps, leiomyomas, adenomyosis), infertility. Patients with atypical endometriosis are at risk to develop EC and CC carcinomas. In patients with the more aggressive serous OC early stage tumors could be intercepted by more frequent medical exams. Prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy specimens were studied by histologic, morphometric and immunohistologic methods, including stem cell identification, revealing the presence of precursor precancerous lesions in the ovarian and fallopian tube epithelium (tubo-ovarian dysplasia) adjacent to invasive cancer and in patients at risk for OC. These studies are shedding light on early ovarian carcinogenesis and may have implications in the choice of therapeutic strategies for this still mostly elusive cancer.
10:10-10:50
Biography
Fabian Schneider has completed his PhD from Johann Wolfgang V Goethe University Frankfurt a Main, Germany and Postdoctoral studies from Karolinska Insitutet, Stockholm Sweden and Technical University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany. He worked at Roche Pathology Penzberg, Germany from 2015-2018 as a Clinical Scientist responsible for project management and tissue sample analysis in several Immuno-Oncology studies. Currently, he is working as a Translational Clinical Scientist at Definiens AG, Munich, Germany.
Abstract
The interaction of tumor cells and their associated tumor microenvironment (TME) is a highly complex and usually heterogenous system, individual for each patient. Simple scores as used for scoring programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression related to Immuno-Oncology (IO) treatment decisions are of limited value, as they capture an incomplete picture of the patients’ tumor-TME interactions. Developing a multiplexed seven marker IHC, a biomarker panel (IO-Panel), we were able to unlock the heterogeneity of the TME in mesothelioma and NSCLC with our unique TissuePhenomics® approach. In first step, the results categorized the samples into hot or cold tumors, based on the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. In a second step, the combined analysis of all seven biomarkers allowed us to sub-classify patient tumor samples into six IO-related categories. These six categories are based on the currently available literature and published clinical outcome data and can be associated with patient response to IO treatments. Furthermore, the categorization allows the recommendation of patient-specific treatment decisions. Machine learning revealed spatial TME heterogeneity in those tumors. In a data driven clustering approach, we could decipher 12 distinct IO-patterns. Some of these patterns showed a clear overlap with the hypothesis-generated six IO-categories. Others revealed currently non-considered tumor immune-phenotypes, providing a more detailed description of the tissue architecture, than the initial six IO-categories. In summary, our standardized IO-Panel showed that patients with hot and cold tumors can be classified into six distinct IO-categories and tumor tissue into six distinct local IO-phenotypes. Future studies with increased patient sample cohorts and available outcome data are needed to prove their clinical relevance.
11:20-12:00
WASSIL NOWICKY
Nowicky Pharma/Ukrainian Anti-Cancer Institute, Austria
Title: The proton preparation of NSC 631570 (UKRAIN) and its selective and immunomodulating effect
11:20-12:00
Biography
Wassil Nowicky (Dipl Ing, Dr techn, DDD rh c) is the Director of Nowicky Pharma and President of the Ukrainian Anti-Cancer Institute (Vienna, Austria). He has finished his study at the Radiotechnical Faculty of the Technical University of Lviv (Ukraine) with the end of 1955; with graduation to Diplomingeniueur in 1960 which title was nostrificated in Austria (1975). He became the very first Scientist in the development of the anticancer protonic therapy and is the Inventor of NSC-631570, the anticancer preparation on basis of celandine alkaloids. He used the factor that cancer cells are more negatively charged than normal cells and invented the celandine alkaloid with a positive charge, thanks to which it accumulates in cancer cells very fast. He is the Author of over 300 scientific articles dedicated to cancer research. He is a real Member of the New York Academy of Sciences, Member of the European Union for applied immunology and of the American Association for scientific progress, honorary Doctor of the Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Doctor honoris causa of the Open International University for Complementary Medicine in Colombo, Honorary Member of the Austrian Society on the Name of Albert Schweizer. He has received merits of National Guild of the award of Austrian Society of sanitary, hygiene and public health services and others.
Abstract
It is well known that all cells possess the negative charge and cancer cells have a much more negative charge than normal cells. This property has been used for the creation of the anticancer preparation on basis of greater celandine alkaloids with the positive charge. The experiment has been carried out on basis of the sum of greater celandine alkaloids as well as on basis of the pure chelidonine with the aim to understand the mechanism of action of the preparation NSC 631570. Chelidonine is the tertiary alkaloid and it doesn’t have the property to fluoresce. After its transformation into the quartet alkaloid it becomes a proton, accumulate in cancer tumors very fast and becomes visible, thanks to its auto-fluorescence. Until now, this preparation has been tested on over 100 cancer cell lines and on 12 normal cell lines and the results of the studies carried out in more than 120 universities and research centers (in particular at the National Cancer Institute (the USA)) have shown that the NSC 631570 killed only cancer cells without damaging the normal cells which confirmed its selective effect. In clinical trials, it also has proved its anticancer efficacy and caused no noteworthy side effects. The results of in vitro studies also have shown the direct deletion of cancer cells and its ability to regenerate the immune system. Such a property is unusual for an anticancer agent but as it can be seen the NSC 631570 possesses some distinct immune properties. In several immune target-effector systems NSC 631570 significantly amplified the malignotoxic activity of macrophages, lymphocytes and NK cells, and stimulates dendritic cells maturation in vitro. While the parameters like B-lymphocyte count, immune globulin concentrations, complement and acute phase proteins did not changed significantly, it can be postulated that NSC 631570 modulates the cellular part of the immune system whereas the humoral part remains unaffected. The aim of the presentation is to pay attention of the scientific world on the selective and immunomodulating effects of the very first proton anticancer preparation, NSC 631570.
Tracks
- Cancer Complementary Treatment | Cancer Proteomics | Breast Cancer | Ovarian Cancer | Types of Cancer | Cancer Teartment and Targeted Therapy | Types of Biomarker and Biomarkers
Location: Holiday Inn, Paris, France
LIANE DELIGDISCH
The Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, USA
Chair
WEN JIE ZHANG
Shihezi University School of Medicine, China
Co Chair
12:00-12:30
ALVARO MACIEIRA COELHO
French National Institute of Health and medical research (Inserm), France
Title: The decline of cancer incidence during organism senescence
12:00-12:30
Biography
Alvaro MacieiraCoelho has completed his MD from the University of Lisbon, Portugal. He worked as an Intern at the University Hospital, as a Research Associate at the Wistar Institute in Philadelphia. He has completed his PhD from the Uppsala University, Sweden. He was appointed as the Head of the Department of Cell Pathology, Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France and Research Director at the French National Institute of Health. He has authored 150 Peer-reviewed articles and published nine books. He has received Fritz Verzar prize from University of Vienna; Doctor honoris causa from University of Linköping; Johanan of International Visiting Professor from Mario Negri Institute, Milan; Seeds of Science Career prize, Lisbon.
Abstract
Most scientific literature reports that aging favors the development of cancers. Each type of cancer, however, initiates and evolves differently, and their natural history can start much earlier in life before their clinical manifestations. The incidence of cancers is spread throughout human life span, and is the result of prenatal and postnatal aggressions, individual susceptibility, developmental changes that evolve continuously throughout an individual's life, and time of exposure to carcinogens. Finally, during human senescence, the incidence declines for all cancers. Frequently, the progression of cancers is also slower in aged individuals. There are several possible explanations for the declines in incidence and progression at the tissue, cell, and molecular levels. It is time to ask why some tumors are characteristic of either the young, the adult, or of the time of a decline in the reproductive period, and finally, why the incidence of cancers declines late during human senescence. These questions need to be addressed before the origin of cancers can be understood.
12:30-13:00
SIGITA LIUTKAUSKIENE
Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania
Title: The impact of chemotherapy modification in the treatment of breast and ovarian cancer
12:30-13:00
Biography
Sigita Liutkauskiene has completed her PhD from Lithuanian University of Health Sciences and Postdoctoral studies from Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Oncology Institute. She is the Head of Conservative Oncology Department at the Affiliate of Hospital of Lithuania University of Health Sciences Kaunas Oncology Hospital since 2013; a Premier Member of Lithuanian Society for Medical Oncology, National Representative for Lithuania of European Society for Medical Oncology. Now, she is an Associate Professor in Lithuanian University of Health Sciences since 2015. She has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.
Abstract
We have strong background on positive effects in clinical outcomes of optimal and adequate chemotherapy in patients with breast and ovarian cancer from prospective clinical trials data. The purpose of our retrospective studies was to give some insights about real world patients and to give reasonable conclusions about effects of chemotherapy delays and dose reductions in daily clinical practice. The objective of ovarian study was to determine the impact of platinum modification on progression free and overall survival in patients with stage III ovarian cancer. Significant 3.3 times higher death risk in patients who experienced only chemotherapy delays compared with patients who did not experience any chemotherapy scheme modifications was established (HR=3.3, 95% Cl: 1.2-8.5, p=0.016). Increased death risk in patients who experienced only chemotherapy delays compared with patients who experienced both chemotherapy delays and platinum dose reduction was also established (HR =2.3, 95% Cl: 1.1-4.8, p=0.021). The objective of breast cancer study was to determine the impact of anthracycline modification on 5-year overall survival in patients with stage I-III breast cancer, to establish the impact of molecular subtypes on the anthracycline modification effects. Significant 3.17 times higher death risk at 5 year period in patients who experienced anthracycline dose reduction compared with patients who did not experience any modifications was established (HR=3.17, 95% CI 1.7-5.9, p<0.001). 5-year overall survival was affected by anthracycline dose reduction by more than 15% in ER-HER2-group (80% vs. 55.6%, p=0.015), ER+HER2- group (90.7% vs. 64.9%, p<0.01) and ER+/-HER2+ group (100% vs. 84.4%, p=0.019). 5-year overall survival was affected by chemotherapy delays more than 2 cycles in ER-HER2- group (79.2% vs. 51.4%, p=0.002), ER+HER2- group (86.3% vs. 58.8%, p=0.014) and there was no difference in ER+/-HER2+ group.
14:00-14:30
ERNESTINA M DE FRANCESCO
School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, UK
Title: Angiocrine actions elicited by IGF-I through the HIF-1α/GPER/VEGF pathway in the breast tumor microenvironment
14:00-14:30
Biography
Ernestina M De Francesco has completed her PhD from the University of Calabria in 2013, where she has been involved in the characterization of estrogen signaling through GPER since 2009. She has joined the University of Manchester (UK) in 2015, where her research activity has been supported by a EU and AIRC (Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) co-funded fellowship. Currently, she has joined the Translational Medicine Unit at the School of Environment and Life Sciences of the University of Salford (UK). She has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.
Abstract
The G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) mediates estrogen action in breast cancer cells as well as in breast cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), leading to aggressive features of breast disease. In hypoxic conditions, GPER facilitates breast cancer cells adaptation to stressful microenvironment by activating the HIF-1α/VEGF transduction pathway towards new blood vessel formation. Furthermore, the cross-talk between GPER and IGF signalling has been shown to boost relevant biological responses, including breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. Herein, we investigated the angiocrine actions elicited by IGF-I through the cross communication with GPER signalling in breast cancer. First, we performed a bioinformatic analysis of 17 published Affymetrix microarray datasets of 2999 breast cancer patients and of metabric studies performed on 1904 human breast tumor samples, and found that GPER is co-expressed with IGF-IR and with the vessel marker CD34, thus suggesting that both GPER and IGF-IR establish an angiogenic gene signature in breast tumor patients. Next, we used GPER-positive but Estrogen Receptor (ER)-negative SKBR3 breast cancer cells and primary CAFs, which were isolated from breast tumor patients. We performed gene and protein expression studies, promoter analysis and immunofluorescent experiments using pharmacological inhibitors, and we found that IGF-I triggers the activation of the IGF-IR/AKT/ERK transduction pathway toward the up-regulation of HIF-1α, GPER and VEGF expression. Gene silencing strategies were used to demonstrate that both HIF-1α and GPER are required for the up-regulation of VEGF expression. In vitro angiogenesis assays performed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) showed that both HIF-1α and GPER are involved in endothelial tube formation induced by IGF-I. Altogether, these findings indicate that GPER signaling is engaged by IGF-1 in the breast tumor microenvironment towards new blood vessel formation. Thereafter, targeting GPER/IGF-IR cross-talk may represent a promising combination strategy to block the aberrant angiogenic response in breast cancer.
14:30-15:00
SIMSEK SELCUK FIKRI
Nuclear Medicine Department, Firat University, Turkey
Title: Can we increase the accuracy of PET/CT with a non-classical parameter for lipid-poor adrenal lesions in cancer patients?
14:30-15:00
Biography
Simsek FS has completed his PhD from Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine and Postdoctoral studies from Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine. He is an Assistant Professor in Firat University School of Medicine. He has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.
Abstract
Introduction: If adrenal lesion’s unenhanced CT attenuation value is >10 HU, which is determined lipid poor, imaging methods are not successful enough for characterization. In PET/CT with lesion characterization, mostly a cutoff is determined for SUVmax or higher lesion activity compared to liver is considered as malignant. However, most of the studies have focused on all lesions, not only on lipid poor ones. Our aim is to establish a clinically useful practical parameter in the characterization of lipid poor adrenal lesions.
Materials & Methods: Images of 82 patients and 98 lesions were reviewed in cancer patients and if CT attenuation value <10 HU, these lesions excluded. The first scanning was taken before chemotherapy and second after 4-6 cycles of treatment. If adrenal lesion was disappeared after the chemotherapy scan, it accepted as malignant. If lesion’s SUVmax had ≥30% decreasing or ≥20% increasing, these accepted as malignant, too. If there is no change in adrenal lesion’s SUVmax between first and second scanning, third PET/CT were re-examined. If there was no significant change in both the primary tumor and adrenal lesion in all three PET/CT, they are considered as stable malignant lesion. Others accepted as benign.
Results: Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy were 64.7%, 73.0%, 76.7%, 60.0%, 68.2% respectively, when the cut-off was 2.5 for SUVmax. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy were 43.9%, 83.9%, 83.3%, 44.8% and 58.0%, respectively, when the cut-off was 3.5. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy were 42.1%, 87.1%, 85.7%, 45.0%, 58.0%, respectively, when the cut-off was 4.5. If SUVmax/liver SUVmean >2.0 was taken as cut-off sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were 74.5%, 89.2%, 90.5%, 71.7% and 82.7% respectively.
Conclusion: SUVmax/liver SUVmean>2.0 is a more reliable characterization parameters for adrenal lesions with >10 HU in cancer patients than SUVmax. If we use this parameter for patient management, it can be facilitating the management.
15:00-15:30
ASLI GIRAY
Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Turkey
Title: Targeting mitochondria in ovarian cancer
15:00-15:30
Biography
Asli Giray has completed her PhD from Inonu University and Postdoctoral Studies from Sabanci University from Turkey. She has worked as a Researcher at Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetic and Bioengineering in Turkey since 2017. She has worked on 14 projects and published more than 12 papers.
Abstract
Cancer continues to be a leading cause of death along with cardiovascular diseases and it’s a major health problem creating enormous socioeconomic burden on societies. Inspite of the increase in patient survival rates promoted by increased screening and prevention efforts, much faster tumor genome sequencing and developed smart targeted therapies, de novo or acquired chemo-resistance still remains to be a significant factor for treatment failure in cancer therapeutics. Conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy constitute the main two approaches in addition to surgery in cancer treatment. These treatment approaches activate mitochondrial cell death machinery to eliminate cancer cells. Bcl-2 protein family members regulate mitochondrial cell death pathway and the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, which is the point of no return for cell death. Of note, we can predict how close is a cell to death by using a peptide-based mitochondrial analysis method, which is based on different binding affinities of pro-apoptotic BH3-only Bcl-2 proteins to antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins. We worked on ovarian cancer cell lines. Our works highlight the promising potential of using BH3 profiling assay.
15:30-16:00
ELIE HADCHITY
Lebanese University, Lebanon
Title: Kruppel like factor 4 and heat shock protein 27 as potential cancer biomarkers
15:30-16:00
Biography
Elie Hadchity has completed his PhD from Claude Bernard University Lyon1, France and he is serving as an Associate Professor at the Lebanese University, Faculty of Scienes and Faculty of Medicine. He leads a research team named, Antitumor Therapeutic Targeting and his research work focused on the identification of novel therapeutic targets and novel biomarkers. He has published several papers in reputed journals and has an International Patent.
Abstract
Lung and laryngeal cancers are among the prevalent human cancers worldwide and no molecular markers are presently used for predicting prognosis in these cancer. Prognostic stratification of larynx and lung cancer patients based on molecular prognostic tumour biomarkers would definitely lead to a better clinical management of this malignancy. Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and are expressed in a wide range of malignancies. They have been considered as promising candidate biomarkers for some cancers. However, their role in larynx and lung carcinoma remains to be elucidated. Our recent studies showed a differential expression of KLF4 between normal tissue and each of the lung cancerous types. A significant decrease of KLF4 expression was observed in the non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) when compared to normal tissue, while a significant over expression was detected in the small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). A higher rate of expression was observed in stages II, III and IV diseases compared to stage I in NSCLC tissues. The protein and mRNA expression levels of KLF4 were significantly decreased in larynx squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) compared with normal tissue, whereas HSP27 was significantly overexpressed in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues, at the protein and mRNA levels. KLF4 expression decreased gradually with tumor progression whereas HSP27 expression increased. A significant difference was observed between stages I and IV. KLF4 and HSP27 exhibit opposite functions and roles in the carcinogenic process of LSCC. The role of KLF4 and HSP27 in laryngeal and lung cancers initiation and progression emphasizes their use as potential future targets for prognosis and treatment. KLF4 and HSP27 expression levels may act as potential biomarkers in patients with larynx and lung cancers.
16:20-16:50
Biography
Xu Chen is not an academic guru. She did research about thyroid cancer due to personal reasons because thyroid problems are very common among women. Xu Chen is currently working on her Doctoral degree through University of the Rockies in Colorado, US.
Abstract
During recent forty years, thyroid cancer rates had gone up constantly. Generally, the best treatment for thyroid benign or malignant nodules is surgery, but surgery is very costly. Thyroid health affected mental health, while mental health affected suicide rate. During the recent 15 years, American suicide rate also went up. This paper was about how to eat, exercise, and improve mental health and consequently improve thyroid health. To understand this topic, I went through more than five thousand threads/emails online long-term thyroid cancer survivors group. I picked out five typical cases of who has survived thyroid cancer from eight years to close to 50 years. From these five cases’ discussion, I tentatively summarized the best practices in diet, exercise, and improving mental health in improving thyroid health, and consequently keeping thyroid cancer in remission.
Day2: November 6, 2018
Keynote Forum
09:30-10:10
RUSUDAN SUJASHVILI
New Vision University, Geogia
Title: Negative correlation between levels of extracellular ubiquitin and regenerating blood cell count in irradiated mice
09:30-10:10
Biography
Ubiquitin origin and especially functions in extracellular fluids and blood plasma are still unclear. Several studies have revealed that ubiquitin concentrations in body fluids are increased in patients with various diseases. However, serum concentrations of extracellular ubiquitin after irradiation have not been studied. The main goal of our investigation is quantitative assessment of serum extracellular ubiquitin and assignment of correlation between extracellular levels of ubiquitin and blood cell count after irradiation in mice. We used 3Gy and 5.5Gy 137Cs gamma-irradiated mice of 6 week age for modeling cytopenia. Microscopy, immunological and statistical methods have been implicated for calculation of total cell count of peripheral blood cells and concentration changes of ubiquitin in blood serum of mice. Study revealed the negative correlation between levels of extracellular ubiquitin and regenerating blood cell counts.
Our results may prove the hypothesis that ubiquitin levels increase in extracellular area due to cytolysis. But here become apparent a question about diminution of ubiquitin level in the extracellular area during cell count elevation. Farther investigation is required for elucidation of pathways of serum ubiquitin especially with regard to its prognostic importance in patients suffering from radiation diseases.
Abstract
Rusudan Sujashvili, Doctor of Biology, Full Professor, School of Medicine, New Vision University is a Chief scientist and a group leader for Cellular Biophysics at the Department of Biophysics, Iv. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine. She obtained her Ph.D. degree from Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University in 2000. Her projects have been granted from Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation in 2010-2012 and 2016-2019. Goal of her research group is to study the advantages of extracellular ubiquitin in regulation of molecular and cellular pathological changes implemented by genotoxic agents (ionizing radiation, chemo preventive drugs). Rusudan Sujashvili has published about 50 scientific works in recent years.
10:10-10:50
WEN JIE ZHANG
Shihezi University School of Medicine, China
Title: A sensitive single-visit cervical screening using Pap test and visual inspection enabling same-day biopsy in low-resource communities
10:10-10:50
Biography
Wen Jie Zhang has completed his MD from Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China and PhD from University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. He received his Postdoctoral trainings at St Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre in Seattle, USA. He serves as Professor of Pathology and PI at Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China. He has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals including Journal of Experimental Medicine, Nature Biotechnology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology among others.
Abstract
Background: Most cervical cancer cases occur in low-resource settings. This study aimed at developing an effective, low-cost single-visit cervical screening strategy incorporating a modified Papanicolaou (Pap) test and visual inspection with acetic acid and Lugol’s iodine that would allow same-day biopsy for low-income settings.
Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort trial. Two low-income Muslim Uyghur communities in China’s far Western Kashi prefecture served as pilot and validation study sites, respectively, and 4,049 women (aged 30-59 years) were screened. The conventional Pap test was modified using a cotton-swab to collect cervical cells without scraping the cervix using an Ayre spatula, allowing visual inspection with 5% acetic acid (and visual inspection with 5% Lugol’s iodine if visual inspection with acetic acid was negative) to be performed in a single-visit. Results from both tests were available within 1-2 hours. Women positive for either or both underwent same-day biopsy that was shipped by a courier service to a central pathology laboratory for histologic diagnosis.
Results: Single-visit screening incorporating both a modified Pap test and visual inspection achieved a sensitivity of 96.0% (95% CI, 91.6-100%) that was superior to Pap (76%, P<0.001) or visual inspection with acetic acid, visual inspection with Lugol’s iodine (48%, P<0.001) alone in detecting CIN2+ lesions. Rapid interpretation of both diagnostic procedures facilitated efficient same-day biopsy that achieved a NPV of 98.2% in detecting CIN2+ lesions. The increased sensitivity and minimized loss of follow-up allowed this approach to identify an extremely high prevalence of CIN1 (2,741/100,000), CIN2+3 (1,457/100,000), and cervical cancer (395/100,000) among these under-screened, at-risk women.
Conclusions: Single-visit cervical screening with both a modified Pap test and visual inspection has greater sensitivity to detect high-grade CINs, reduces loss-of-follow-up, and could be an efficient low-cost strategy for low-resource settings. We propose a screen-and-diagnosis strategy for use in low-resource communities.
Tracks
- Cancer Preventions | Oncology | Cancer Treatments and Therapeutics | Cancer Epidemiology | Cancer Stem cells | Oncology | Cancer Causes | Nursing Oncology | Lung Cancer | Types of Cancer
Location: Holiday Inn, Paris, France
WASSIL NOWICKY
Nowicky Pharma/Ukrainian Anti-Cancer Institute, Austria
Chair
ALVARO MACIEIRA COELHO
French National Institute of Health and medical research (Inserm), France
Co Chair
11:10-11:40
FRANCES MARY JOHNSON
Texas Woman,s University, USA
Title: The process of oncology nurse practitioner patient navigation: A grounded theory approach
11:10-11:40
Biography
Frances Mary Johnson has completed her PhD from Texas Woman’s University; Masters’ in Nursing from Boston University, and BSN form Fairfield University in Connecticut. She is an Oncology Nurse Practitioner at Carl R Darnall Army Medical Center in Fort Hood, Texas. She has published 5 papers and co-authored a book chapter on patient navigation. She has presented abstracts derived from this study at the 42nd and 43rd Oncology Nursing Society National Conferences pertaining to Carving the ONP Navigation Role, and Triage an Essential Component of the Navigation Process. She has worked as an Advanced Practice Nurse for 20 years, and worked in both primary care and oncology. Her areas of interest include chemotherapy, cancer survivorship, program development, patient navigation systems, as well as all aspects of hematology.
Abstract
Nurse practitioner (NP) navigation, in general, has been shown to achieve cost effective quality care, while saving millions of dollars. Research though scant has shown that oncology nurse practitioner navigators’ improve clinical outcomes. For purposes of this study, oncology NP (ONP) navigators are nurse practitioners with a certification in oncology who utilize navigation processes to care for cancer patients along any aspect of the cancer care continuum. Navigation process is defined as a series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end. Development of process and outcome measures is critically important in that the development of these measures is necessary for navigator program evaluation. The purpose of the study is to answer the question: What processes do oncology NP navigators use in caring for cancer patients?
Methods:Twenty ONP navigators were interviewed though the use of a semi-structured interview utilizing grounded theory methodology.
Conclusion: This resulted in a well-defined set of concepts and theoretical framework for the process of ONP navigation which lays the groundwork for program evaluation and role delineation.
11:40-12:10
J C HAHNE
The Institute of Cancer Research, United Kingdom
Title: Use of microRNA expression pattern as tool for translational research and for cancer patient stratification
11:40-12:10
Biography
J C Hahne, after studying General Chemistry and Biochemistry at the Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Germany, has got his PhD in Biochemistry from the same university. During the PhD work, he was trained in Virology, Cell- and Molecular-Biology. During several Postdoc positions [Department of Molecular Pathology at the University of Bonn (Germany), Charite Berlin (Germany), Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics at the University of Wuerzburg (Germany)], he has received a broad training and knowledge in Molecular Pathology and Cancer Research. At the moment, he is working in the Department of Molecular Pathology at the ICR (London, UK). He has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pivotal regulators for RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression under physiological as well as pathological conditions. MicroRNAs can be detected in tissues and in most biologic fluids including serum, plasma and urines. Secreted microRNAs are either incorporated into micro-vesicles or circulate bound to proteins. In both cases, microRNAs are protected from RNase degradation so that they may remain intact for long periods of time. Therefore they might represent potential new biomarkers. We analysed expression of 800 miRNA’s using nCounter Nanostring technology in cancer cell lines, formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues and plasma from cancer patients. Potential clinical applications of microRNA detection for cancer patients’ management will be discussed.
12:10-12:40
DALIBORKA S BURSAC
University of Novi Sad, Serbia
Title: Cardiotoxicity of first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
12:10-12:40
Biography
Daliborka Bursac has completed her PhD from University of Novi Sad, Serbia. She is the Head of the Daily Hospital for the application of chemotherapy in the Institute for pulmonary diseases of Vojvodina in Sremska Kamenica. Also, she is the Assistant Professor of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad. She has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity occurs during therapy with several cytotoxic agents and may be the dose limiting factor in cancer treatment. Furthermore, it can also be responsible for long term side effects and may cause severe morbidity in surviving cancer patients. Chemotherapy induced cardiotoxicity is not common but significant complication in patients with lung cancer. The aim of this study was to establish the frequency of cardiotoxicity in the patients treated with the first-line chemotherapy (gemcitabine/cisplatin and paclitaxel/carboplatin). This prospective study included 240 patients with cytologically or histopathologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at the clinical stages III and IV. Cardiac toxicity was determined based on the presence of cardiovascular symptoms, changes in the electrocardiogram, elevated levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and troponin T and a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction. Most common cardiovascular toxic effects were increase in the level of NT-proBNP (44.85%), cardiac arrhythmias (26.18%), venous thromboembolism (19.9%) and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (6.96%). Chemotherapy induced cardiotoxocity frequently occurs in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities. Patients with cancer, particularly those with known cardiac risk factors are at risk for development of cardiotoxicity and need careful assessment before initiation of chemotherapy. Balance between the effectiveness of chemotherapy and the risk of cardiotoxicity requires close cooperation of oncologists and cardiologists.
12:40:13:10
GIORGIO SEANO
Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
Title: Vessel co-option in glioblastoma: Spy it, find the target and shoot
12:40:13:10
Biography
Giorgio Seano is currently the Head of the Tumor Microenvironment Lab in Institute Curie Research Center, Orsay-Paris (France). He received his PhD in Complex Systems in Life Science in 2010 from University of Turin, Italy. During his PhD training and a Postdoctoral period in Italy, he investigated tumor angiogenesis and integrins and provided the first evidence of a new sub-cellular structure, the endothelial podosome rosette that controls blood vessel branching during sprouting angiogenesis. In 2012, he joined the Laboratory of Dr Rakesh K Jain in Harvard Medical School (Boston) and focused his research on tumor microenvironment, brain tumors and intravital microscopy. Specifically, he intravitally imaged and targeted vessel co-option in glioblastoma. In 2017, he was selected as a Junior Group Leader in Institute Curie and he is now setting up his new laboratory.
Abstract
Gliomas comprise heterogeneous malignant glial and stromal cells. While blood vessel co-option is a potential mechanism to escape anti-angiogenic therapy, the relevance of glial phenotype in this process is unclear. We show that Olig2+ oligodendrocyte precursor-like glioma cells invade by single-cell vessel co-option and preserve the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Conversely,Olig2-negative glioma cells form dense perivascular collections, promote angiogenesis and BBB breakdown leading to innate immune cell activation. Experimentally, Olig2 promotes Wnt7b expression, a finding that correlates in human glioma profiling. Targeted Wnt7a/7b deletion or pharmacologic Wnt inhibition blocks Olig2+ glioma single-cell vessel co-option and enhances responses to temozolomide. Finally, Olig2 and Wnt7 become upregulated after anti-VEGF treatment in preclinical models and patients. Thus, glial-encoded pathways regulate distinct glioma vascular-microenvironmental interactions
14:10-14:40
KIRSI KETOLA
University of Eastern Finland, Finland
Title: Cellular plasticity and reprogramming in lethal neuroendocrine prostate cancer
14:10-14:40
Biography
Kirsi Ketola has completed her PhD from University of Turku and Postdoctoral studies from University of British Columbia School of Medicine. She is the Director of the Cellular Plasticity and Neuroendocrine Trans-differentiation program at the University Of Eastern Finland School of Medicine. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute
Abstract
The major clinical challenge for prostate cancer treatment is targeting the highly aggressive and incurable disease that emergences under the pressure of contemporary androgen receptor (AR) pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) such as enzalutamide (ENZ): neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). The aim of our study is to understand what regulates the cellular plasticity that allows prostate cancer cells to shed their dependence on the AR and re-emerge as AR-indifferent NEPC. Our data suggest that NEPC trans-differentiation is aligned with dynamic cellular reprogramming which occurs as a response to AR pathway inhibitors. Our data reveals novel AR binding proteins that orchestrate the self-renewal and neuroendocrine trans-differentiation programs leading to aggressive disease form of prostate cancer. These reprogramming factors, including BCOR, FOXM1, BRN2 and EZH2, are also very attractive therapeutic targets. In addition, we have developed novel live-cell cellular plasticity imaging methods that allow us to capture the cellular reprogramming and neuroendocrine trans-differentiation live in in vitro prostate cancer models. By utilizing our models and imaging methods, we have identified novel players of cellular plasticity whose overexpression by ARPIs lead to a cellular morphology change and development of NEPC. The expression of the novel cellular modulators identified were validated in patients with incurable NEPC, and the morphology changes in vitro were validated using super-resolution confocal and scanning electron microscope imaging in both prostate cancer and neurodegenerative disease models. Taking together, by identifying and inhibiting the cellular plasticity and reprogramming processes in neuroendocrine prostate cancer, we hope to develop a better care for men with this fatal disease.
15:10-15:40
IRINE IORAMASHVILI
Beritashvili Centre of Experimental Biomedicine, Georgia
Title: Alteration of percentage of blood serum proteins by extracellular ubiquitin in irradiated mice
15:10-15:40
Biography
Irine Ioramashvili MD, Physics, Specialization in Biophysics, holds position of a Researcher in a group of Cellular Biophysics at the Department of Biophysics, Iv Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine. She obtained her MSc degree after graduating from Iv Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University in 2002. Participated in research projects granted from CRDF Global, with funding from the US Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) in 2015-2016 and Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation in 2016-2019. She has published 12 scientific works in recent years.
Abstract
Treatment of cancerous patients by radiotherapy may be dangerous, as it increases a possibility of various long term complications. Radiation disease can be characterized by inappropriate cell proliferation and early cell death. Our earlier works proved that intraperitoneally induced ubiquitin impacts proliferative activity of various cells in mice. Usually changes in different fractions of blood serum proteins indicates the presence of abnormal cells typical for carcinoma, iron deficiency anaemia, amyloidosis, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma and etc. It seems very important to find the biological agents that can regulate the cellular processes via modification of protein composition. Therefore, in the present work, we conducted quantitative analysis of high molecular weighed proteins of blood serum, after the ubiquitin injection in irradiated mice. Irradiation of tested animals with 3 Gy has been conducted by gamma-irradiating device GUPOS, at the Nuclear Research Centre, Institute of Physics, Tbilisi State University, Georgia. The source of radiation was 137Cs with dose rate of 1.1 Gy/min. Animals were divided into three groups: control intact, irradiated animals and animals intraperitoneal injected by 200µg/ml ubiquitin in 72 hours after irradiation. Protein composition of blood serum samples has been studied by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis with further densitometrical analysis using image gel analysing option. Analyzing the percentage ratio of proteins in high molecular weight fractions, we found the evidence of injected extracellular ubiquitin participation in regulation of quantity of blood serum proteins in irradiated mice. Hence, the results indicate the possible therapeutic potential of extracellular ubiquitin for stimulation and regulation of recovery processes after irradiation.
14:40-15:10
Biography
Xu Chen has a Master’s of science from the College of St. Scholastica up in Northern Minnesota, USA. She is currently working on her PsyD through University of the Rockies. This is Xu Chen’s second appearance in an international meeting. Xu Chen is currently an actor in Boston Tea Party Ship and Museum.
Abstract
As developed as United States is, people’s iodine intake is questionable. Iodine is more than just a building material for thyroid hormone; it is actually an anti-oxidant. The busy modern life makes people want to save time. Fast foods are convenient, energy drinks keep them awake, and artificial sweeteners are supposed to keep the weight off. However, all those things are preventing iodine’s activity in a human body. Fluoride is also a common toxin among human food intake that interacts with Aluminium. Sodium intake is considered to lower blood pressure, but is it true? This research is about how to keep fit under a busy schedule to avoid the tragedy from an Olympic gold medallist to a cancer patient.
15:40-16:10
VALERY S. PETROSYAN
M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russian Federation
Title: The priority carcinogens and how to prevent the incologic diseases
15:40-16:10
Biography
Valery S. Petrosyan has completed his PhD at the age of 25 years from M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University and postdoctoral studies from California Institute of Technology. He is the Distinguished Professor of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, the best University in Russian Federation. He has published more than 450 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute.
Abstract
At first, we have to stress that number of deaths due to the oncologic deseases of all types is constantly increasing all over the world (see the number of death for 100 000 people in the table
|
Rank |
Country |
Number of deaths |
Rank |
Country |
Number of deaths |
|
1 |
Mongolia |
198 |
61 |
Austria |
121 |
|
14 |
Russia |
186 |
69 |
Canada |
118 |
|
30 |
China |
139 |
78 |
USA |
114 |
|
34 |
France |
136 |
79 |
Japan |
113 |
|
37 |
Great Britain |
134 |
86 |
Australia |
111 |
|
53 |
Germany |
126 |
164 |
India |
72 |
|
55 |
Italy |
122 |
183 |
UAE |
46 |
The detailed analysis shows, that the key factors, influencing the number of deaths due to the oncologic deseases are: 1) the priority carcinogens, both organic (organochlorine pesticides, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and acryl amide) and inorganic (heavy metals), which because of the various reasons contaminate food and drinks; 2) smoking of tobacco (benz(a)pyrene) and electronic cigarettes (formaldehyde); 3) drinking too much alcohol (affecting brain, heart, lever and prostate); 4) in the countries, where many people live at the elevated level, the very high percentage of the oncologic deseases is due to the skin cancer (for example, in Armenia – one third of the whole number of deseases).
To decrease the number of deaths due to the oncologic deseases we have to: 1) stop eating of meat, fish, poultry and vegetables, cooked by means of burning timber and coal because of saturation of these products with carcinogenic polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons; 2) limit the ways of appearance of heavy metals in our food; 3) stop cooking potato, coffee and grains, containing aspartic acid at the temperatures higher then 1200C due to decomposition of this acid into carcinogenic acryl amide at these temperatures; 4) stop smoking tobacco and electronic cigarettes because of carcinogenic benz(a)pyrene and formaldehyde; 5) stop drinking alcohol (more than 20 ml of ethanol per day); 6) limit irradiation of our skin with the strong sunshine.
16:30-17:00
Wassil Nowicky,
Nowicky Pharma/Ukrainian Anti-Cancer Institute, Austria
Title: The effect of the anti-cancer preparation NSC631570 (UKRAIN) on the dendritic cells
16:30-17:00
Biography
Abstract
17:00-17:30
Pierre Vogel
Swiss Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Switzerland
Title: Sugar mimetics toward an anti-cancer therapeutic vaccine
17:00-17:30
Biography
Abstract
17:30-18:00
UMI MANGESTI TJIPTONINGSIH
Dharmais Cancer Hospital, Indonesia
Title: Hemostatics irradiation and correlation with Von Willebrand factor plasma in cancer bleeding cessation
17:30-18:00
Biography
Umi Mangesti Tjiptoningsih, MD, has completed her education as Radiation Oncologist from Medical Faculty of University of Indonesia, 2014. She is now a Medical Staff of Radiotherapy Department at Dharmais Cancer Hospital of Indonesia.
Abstract
Background: Radiation is one of the modality for bleeding cessation to treat cancer bleeding. Von Willebrand factor (vWF) plasma is already known as initiator of the platelets adhesion in haemostatics. Publication of references in haemostatics irradiation is still infrequent. This study is to investigate the changes of clinical response based on WHO bleeding scale before and after irradiation, also to examine the difference level of vWF plasma before and after irradiation, and to search correlation between bleeding grade response to vWF plasma level before and after haemostatics irradiation.
Methods: This study is pre-post study design without control held in Department of Radiotherapy, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta. Subjects are cancer bleeding patients who received haemostatics irradiation according to inclusion criteria. Blood samples for vWF examination and clinical scoring for WHO bleeding scale data are taken before and after irradiation.
Result: Overall 23 subjects, including 2 patients died because of the bleeding. The effectiveness of haemostatics irradiation is 91.3%. Haemostatics irradiation significantly decreased clinical bleeding grade using WHO bleeding scale, from median 3 to median 1, p< 0.001. The haemostatics irradiation significantly elevated the level of vWF plasma, mean differences 12.38 IU/dL (SD 12.75 IU/dL), p=0,001. There is also significant correlation between the decrement of clinical bleeding grade and the elevation level of vWF plasma, p= 0.019 (R=-0,533).
Conclusion: Haemostatics irradiation is effective for bleeding cessation and as chosen modality in treating cancer bleeding. Haemostatic irradiation is clinically able to degrade the bleeding grade using WHO bleeding scale, and also elevate the level of vWF plasma. Haemostatics irradiation is also significant correlation between elevation of vWF plasma and decrement of clinical bleeding grade using WHO bleeding scale.